Terrorism and its impacts on the development the country

Introduction:  Terrorism is the most dangerous scourge in recent times. No other period in the history of mankind, terrorism terrorized the human being so much irrespective of their caste and creed or religion. The intensity of terrorist activities has increased by many folds in recent times and no people, from east to west, north to south, are free from the vicious claws of terrorism.

History of terrorism: The term terrorism dates from the Reign of Terror (1793-94) in the French Revolution but has taken on additional meaning in the 20^th century. Terrorism involves activities such as assassinations, bombings, random killings and hijackings used for political, not military, purposes and most typically by groups too weak to mount open assaults. It is a modern tool of the derailed, and its psychological impact on the public has increased because of extensive coverage by the media.

Terrorism reaches back to ancient Greece and has occurred throughout history. Terrorism by radicals and by nationalists became widespread after world war II. Since the late 20^th century, acts of terrorism have been associated with the Italian Red Brigades, the Irish Republican Army, Peru's Shining path, Sri Lanka's Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eel am, the weathermen and some members of U.S "militia" organizations, among many groups.

Types of terrorism: There is several classification of terrorism which has been made on the basic of mode, nature, sources etc. The Federal Bureau of investigation categorizes terrorism as on of the two types domestic terrorism or international terrorism. 

(a) Domestic terrorism: Domestic terrorism involves groups or individuals whose terrorist activities are directed at elements of our government or population without foreign direction.

(b) International terrorism: International terrorism involves groups or individuals whose terrorist activities are foreign-based and or directed by countries or groups outside the united States or whose activities transcend national boundaries.

(a) Physical terrorism: Physical terrorism is the physical destruction of property and or the taking of human life. This includes assassinations, bombings and suicide bombings.

(b)Technology terrorism: The taking advantage of technology to disrupt, destroy or hamper the use of today's technology. Computer viruses are a perfect example of technological Terrorism. A simple well-written virus can bring the world to its knees by disrupting computer usage around the world.

 (c) Chemical or Biological Terrorism: Biological Terrorism is the international use of infectious biological agents, or germs, to cause illness. It involves using living organisms to produce a deadly disease in a targeted population. Chemical terrorism uses chemical agents that can be easily distributed to kill or incapacitate a population.

Reasons for terrorism: There are many reasons behind terrorism. The reasons for terrorism are discussed below:

(a) Frustration: Terrorism basically springs from sheer frustration; it may be either economic frustration, Frustration can even emanate from the absence of one's fundamental rights.

(b) poverty: poverty is another main reason behind increased rates of terrorism in recent times. There are over 1.2 billion people worldwide who live on less than on dollar a day. They do not have the means to make two meals a day. So they lose the charm of life and do not mind in involving any activities including terrorism.

(c) political unrest : political unrest in another reason for domestic terrorism. The political parties only understand power. They always want to be at helm of the country so that they can enjoy the pomp and grandeur of life at the cost of the poor citizens.

(d) Dominating tendency of people: Some people in the society have the tendency to dominate over others. In order to realize their wish, they resort to any kind of activities including terrorism activities to prove his/ her supremacy in the society.

(e) cultural reason: Cultural change cause quite a few changes in social life. The elements of culture like history, language, customs  and traditions, art and literature indicates the maintenance of a national identity. Breaking off the improving and maturing bond among these element leads to abnormal consequences, which mostly occur to be anarchy, violence etc.

Effect of Terrorism: The effect of terrorism in the present day world is devastating. There is not a single place or area, which is free from the scourge of terrorism. There is virtually no nation, large or small, rich or poor that is not affected by terrorism economically. The effects of terrorism is mentioned below:

(a) Increased cost of business: The cost of all businesses worldwide has increased to include additional security and mail screening devices.  The cost in lost productivity is immeasurable, as all business travelers now spend additional hours waiting in lines at airports.  

(b) Reduced tourism: The fear from terrorist attacks has severely reduced the number of tourists in many countries particularly the small island countries. As a result, poor nations become poorer.

(c) Severe reduction in business: The effects of terrorism on the developing country are simply devastating and on amount of free trade agreements alone can offset this problem. Terrorism has become the world’s costliest business. For example, the crippled economy of Bali, Indonesia is still struggling to recover after the October 2002 bomb attack.

(d) Hinder national development: because of terrorism development works cannot be implemented in many areas. Before implementation of development project and it’s workers need to be ensured. This delay the implementation of development projects, which stall the development of the country.

How to poverty terrorism: Terrorism is very difficult to stop. But we may try to poverty it. In order to poverty terrorism we have to find out its root causes and take necessary actions to address them. The government, the opposition and other political parties including the people should work in harmony to prevent terrorism. The following measures may be taken:

(a) Poverty Alleviation: Poverty breed’s criminals and terrorists. As such, the government with assistance from the donors and donor countries should take concerted efforts to eradicate Poverty from the society. If we can do this, terrorist and criminal activities will be reduced automatically.

(b) Eradication of politics of conflict: Political unrest particularly Political of conflict is one of the main reasons for terrorist activities in our country. If we can solve this problem it will reduce the problem of terrorism. The of terrorism. The Political parties should, therefore, abandon the politics of conflict for the sake of the country.

(c) Good government: Good governance strategy includes the reduction of fraud, inefficiencies, inequities and dignified life. If people are sure about their right and privileges, this will change their mindset towards a positive attitude.

(d) Ensure rule of Law: The government has to ensure rule of law so that nobody is denied of his just rights. Besides, discrepancies towards any one should be stopped.

(e) Employment opportunities: There is a huge dearth of employment in the country. The government should put importance on taking development plans that will ensure more jobs for the citizens. Once unemployment is reduced, it will create an environment, which will automatically reduce terrorism.

(f) Elimination of party conflicts: All political parties should sit together and find out a solution to stop political conflicts through discussion among them. This will help reducing political terrorism.    

                

Conclusion: terrorism is a curse for the mankind. It destroys the peace of mind as well as the society. The overall economic development of the country is hampered due to terrorism. The negative effect of terrorism is devastating in the developing countries. It makes the poor countries poorer. The world communities are taking counter terrorism programmes to stop it. Bangladesh has already signed the UN convention on terrorism. We hope that one day the world will be free from the evil of terrorism and people will be able to live in peace.